Sheven L.N. Organization of management of foreign economic activity of the enterprise. Foreign trade department of an enterprise, its structure and functions Foreign trade department at an enterprise

Service foreign economic activity as a form of divisional type of management. Organizational structure of foreign economic activity management: concepts and factors that determine it. One of the management functions is the organization function, which, on the one hand, represents the management process and, on the other, the choice of organizational structure.

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The foreign economic activity department is part of the enterprise’s management apparatus, whose task is to plan the organization and coordination of foreign economic activity at the enterprise, as well as manage the export potential of the enterprise and create competitive products, ensure the fulfillment of obligations to foreign partners, develop new forms of production, scientific -technical and investment cooperation and preparation of contract goods for the customs clearance procedure.

The structure of the foreign economic activity department may look like this: head of the foreign economic activity department - deputy head - customs clearance expert - economist - protocol bureau. The main function of the foreign economic activity department is to ensure stable and adequate foreign economic activity of the enterprise, deepening trade relations with foreign partners.

The main types of work performed by this department are the following:

implementation of export-import operations;

declaration and customs clearance cargo;

establishing partnerships with companies from other countries;

scientific information work;

searching for ways to bring the enterprise to the foreign market;

studying directions and trends in the development of the world market for a specific product.

Declaration and customs clearance are one of the important areas of activity of the foreign economic activity department, since not only consumers of the enterprise’s products are located abroad, but also the main suppliers of raw materials, which determines constant cargo flows of raw materials and goods. Declaration of goods involves the preparation of the following documents:

cargo customs declarations (CCD);

electronic copies of customs declaration;

customs value declarations;

inventories of documents attached to the customs declaration.

The end result of the declarant’s activities is the receipt of a customs mark “release permitted.” In accordance with these general tasks and areas of activity of the department, its employees have their own specific responsibilities. The head of the foreign economic activity department carries out general coordination of the activities of department employees and coordinates the activities of the department with other departments and services of the enterprise, deals with issues of the movement of foreign currency funds, and resolves current operational issues.

Some departments have positions of specialists in foreign exchange operations (planning, control over foreign exchange and settlement operations, etc.). The deputy head of the foreign economic activity department monitors the timely implementation of department instructions by other departments and services and the enterprise, corresponds with enterprises and firms of other countries on scientific, consulting, economic and other issues, and participates in the development of contract terms.

The economist of the foreign economic activity department is responsible for calculating the prices of export products, taking into account the supply basis and other conditions, drawing up commercial offers for the sale of the enterprise's products, development of contract clauses, execution of transaction passports under sales and purchase agreements, preparation of an action plan to fulfill the terms of the contract and its control.

In some departments, instead of an economist, there is the position of a leading specialist in market conditions and prices.

The customs regulation expert maintains all customs documentation, ensures customs clearance of products exported and imported by the enterprise, prepares cargo customs declarations, conducts statistical reporting department.

The competence of the protocol bureau includes drawing up programs for the stay of delegations, translating all documentation received by the enterprise from foreign languages, assistance in organizing negotiations, and preparing the necessary documentation for business trips abroad of enterprise specialists.

The foreign economic activity department closely interacts with other departments of the enterprise, in particular with the following: marketing department, economic planning department, new technology, financial department, accounting department and others.

In particular, the interaction of the foreign economic department with the marketing department is due to the fact that this marketing department sets requirements regarding the quantity, frequency of deliveries and quality of products.

The economic planning department plans the work of the enterprise, makes the necessary calculations in this regard and transmits basic data on prices for products and raw materials to the foreign economic activity department.

The New Technology Department carries out technical development and control over the production of export products.

The finance department is generally responsible for financial support export-import operations. Therefore, the foreign trade department provides him with all official notes and invoices to pay current expenses (duties, customs duties, payments to certification bodies).

Facts are transferred to the accounting department of the foreign economic activity department to carry out work on economic, scientific and technical cooperation with foreign organizations, calculations of expenses for foreign trade activities, data on allocated financial resources and documents for conducting foreign currency accounts.

The transport workshop carries out documenting cargo, transportation of goods, draws up a schedule for their shipment, hence his connection with the foreign trade department.

Thus, the foreign trade department in its activities interacts with many services and departments of the enterprise. On large enterprises providing large supplies, there may be a more complex foreign trade management structure.

In particular, the sales department finished products, which may include a product export bureau that exports to various regions of the world. The tasks and functions of the foreign trade department in in this case are:

conducting marketing research on market conditions abroad;

preparation for concluding contracts for the export of finished products abroad;

shipment and transportation of goods in accordance with concluded contracts, conclusion of contracts for ships and other means of transport;

settlements with suppliers and consumers under concluded contracts;

ensuring communication with foreign companies;

declaration of import and export cargo;

control over registration, storage and compliance with storage periods of goods in a temporary storage warehouse;

ensuring communication with customs authorities;

registration of all necessary additional documents for sending cargo (conclusions chamber of commerce, certificates of origin, etc.);

conclusion (if necessary) of contracts for freight forwarding;

maintaining records and control over payment for shipped products;

preparation of documents for foreign business trips for specialists of the enterprise, receipt, issuance and maintenance of records of foreign passports, coordination of travel dates and programs of stay abroad with foreign partners;

reception of foreign delegations visiting the enterprise;

organization of production and scientific-technical cooperation with foreign enterprises and companies, carrying out work on participation in international exhibitions;

translation of catalogues, prospectuses and other documentation.

The finished product sales department includes a product export bureau, which carries out export-import operations with partners in various regions and performs the following functions:

develops plans and prepares for the conclusion of an agreement for the export of wholesale products to various regions abroad and the import of equipment and spare parts;

concludes contracts, processes requests for the supply of products;

organizes negotiations and monitors the execution of contracts with importers from different countries;

searches for consumers based on sales forecasts;

maintains a consumer register;

carries out planning and control of export products.

In general, together with the finished product sales department, the foreign trade department coordinates the work of sales services for the modern shipment of finished products in accordance with the requirements specified in contracts, orders and other regulatory documentation, and monitors the identification of contract orders and specifications issued to the production service. He also coordinates plans for the transportation of goods with the railway workshop and draws up the necessary documentation for this.

Together with the legal department, the foreign trade department works to review claims and complaints received from customers regarding violation of contact conditions in terms of packaging, transportation, delivery times and volumes.

Together with financial department The foreign trade department carries out accounting and control of payment for shipped products, as well as banking, currency, credit and settlement transactions. From planning department the foreign trade department receives information about the cost and selling price of products and determines its export price.

Thus, the foreign economic activity department is connected with almost all divisions of the enterprise, since it carries out the declaration of all export or import goods under contracts concluded by these divisions independently and has the right to demand the provision of any documents to carry out its functions.

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Who are we looking for

Communication skills, negotiation skills, active life position, organization, attention to detail and responsibility are the main qualities of a foreign trade specialist necessary in his work. We value integrity, work ethic and a commitment to excellence in our foreign trade professionals.

A foreign trade specialist must have higher education- economic, financial, logistics, transport, linguistic. Advanced training courses for the programs “Logistics”, “ Customs regulation foreign economic activity”, “foreign trade activities” are preferred.

He must also be well versed in the peculiarities of import-export operations, the rules of international freight transportation, the technology of customs clearance of goods, the rules of cargo insurance, tax and currency legislation.

Portrait of a modern foreign trade specialist

90% of foreign trade managers have higher education, 80% are fluent English language, and 75% took specialized courses. There are slightly more women in this profession (57%) than men. The age range of foreign trade managers most in demand on the labor market is 25-40 years.

(website of the professional guidance center ProfGid, link)

How we are organized

The structure of the foreign economic activity department has developed over almost seven years of foreign economic activity of the company and includes several areas of activity:

declaration and customs clearance of goods

One of the main activities of the Foreign Economic Activity Department. Our specialists maintain all customs documentation: provide customs clearance of imported equipment, prepare cargo customs declarations, maintain department statistical reporting, etc. The end result of this activity is the receipt of a customs mark “Release permitted”.

translation activities

Due to the large turnover of documentation on foreign language, our translators are always busy with work. We welcome specialists with knowledge of English, German, and Chinese. Technical translations are one of the most complex types translations, our employees successfully cope with this difficult task!

establishing and maintaining partnerships with companies from other countries

The most interesting and sensitive area of activity of the foreign trade department is cooperation with foreign companies. In addition to existing European partners, we are constantly expanding the geography of our work to the east, and are negotiating with representatives of China, South Korea, Taiwan and other countries. Competence in knowledge of linguistic characteristics and traditions, the ability to negotiate are irreplaceable qualities of specialists engaged in this activity.

transport logistics

The Foreign Economic Activity Department in its activities largely interacts with transport workshop, which carries out documentation of goods, transports goods and draws up a schedule for their shipment. Foreign trade specialists are engaged in the selection of foreign carriers, preparing documents: for cargo insurance, certificates, instructions, invoices, consignment notes, packing lists. This responsible work requires attentiveness, organization and responsibility of the employees performing it.

work with contracts

Drawing up an international contract requires understanding many conditions and nuances: who is responsible for the risk of accidental loss of goods in transit, whether the goods are insured during international transportation, what is included in the delivery cost, whether there are warranty obligations, etc. Preparation international contracts carried out by our foreign trade specialists independently, starting in 2009. Compiled in two languages, taking into account the norms of international and Russian law. Employees of the foreign trade department also exercise full control over the execution of contracts: validity periods, timely payment, etc.