Options for homemade greenhouses under film. Selection of material and step-by-step instructions for assembling a greenhouse from film. Video: DIY budget greenhouse

A film greenhouse consists of a frame covered with film. It is good, first of all, because its price is an order of magnitude lower than the cost of structures made of polycarbonate and glass. In addition, installing the greenhouse frame and covering it with film is much easier than making everything from glass or polycarbonate. It is important that greenhouses made of film, in their ability to increase crop yields, retain heat and conduct light, are not much inferior to structures made from more expensive materials.

The main differences between greenhouses and greenhouses

Greenhouses and hotbeds are very similar only at first glance; there are many differences between these garden structures. Greenhouses are structures of a simpler design that receive both solar heat and heat from rotting manure. Seedlings are planted on top of the manure over a small layer of soil. The height of greenhouses usually does not exceed one meter, and they are covered with wooden frames filled with glass.

Greenhouses with film are much cheaper than greenhouse structures due to the lower cost of film compared to any glass and due to the fact that they do not require the manufacture of a durable frame. In heating a film greenhouse, instead of horse manure, more modern heat sources are used, which significantly reduces the labor costs for its construction.

Greenhouses, compared to greenhouses, are more recent inventions, built in the form of greenhouses for exotic plants. The significant height and the presence of doors make caring for crops in a greenhouse much more convenient than in a greenhouse, where frames must be removed each time. The covering of greenhouses and greenhouses is currently most often made of polyethylene film.

Pros and cons of greenhouses

The main material for covering greenhouses was initially glass, then it began to be replaced with light and cheap polyethylene. Glass structures are very heavy; the frame for them is made of durable material.

The main advantages of covering a greenhouse with film compared to glass and polycarbonate floors:

• the film has no leaks or places of convective heat loss;
• much cheaper than all other transparent heat-shielding materials;
• frame structures for film can be made from materials of any composition; there are no special strength requirements for them;
• constructive simplicity of manufacture - the simplest frame can be made yourself in the form of separate arcs connected to each other at the top. These arcs do not have to be installed strictly level;
• The heat loss of a film greenhouse does not depend on the correct geometry of its frame structure. Glass greenhouse structures in places where the glass does not adhere well to the frames can lead to significant heat losses.

The disadvantages of film greenhouses include the following features:

• fragility;
• low resistance to wind loads;
• lower ability to transmit sunlight compared to glass or polycarbonate;
• high thermal conductivity of the coating.

By comparing the listed pros and cons, we can conclude what material is best to build everything from and which greenhouse is better - polycarbonate or film. If you have sufficient funds and want to make a durable greenhouse, you can choose glass or polycarbonate. And when funds are limited, film is the main material that allows you to get a good result at low cost.

Rules for placing greenhouses and greenhouses

To place a greenhouse on a site, it is necessary to choose a place to which large amounts of manure can be transported and subsequently removed. For a greenhouse, it is very important that the slope of the glazed frames be oriented towards the sunny side. Considering that when constructing a greenhouse, soil is excavated in large quantities, a place for this is chosen with a deep soil layer.

For country greenhouse Under the film, it is not very important which side it faces the sun, because the light passes to the plants from all sides equally. It is only important that it does not end up in a place where it is shaded by another, higher structure. It is irrational to place it under trees, since their branches will also absorb a significant amount of sunlight.

A great danger to crops in film shelters comes from high groundwater, which can contribute to rotting of plant roots and waterlogging of the air. It is necessary to choose a place on a summer cottage where groundwater is far from the soil surface.

Types of frames

Modern industry produces frames for greenhouses under film in a wide range. The main differences between such frame structures are the material of manufacture and the shape of individual elements. When thinking about how to build a greenhouse with your own hands from wood and film, you must not forget that there are more modern materials for greenhouse frames that cost less than wood and have excellent performance.

Wooden

Most often, craftsmen at home tend to make wooden greenhouses from film with their own hands. To do this, there is no need to have a welding machine and a grinder and be able to use them. Often a wooden frame is made from waste generated during various construction work Oh.

The most commonly used wooden materials for greenhouses are:

• board;
• beam;
• rail;
• old window frames.

There are almost no complaints about the strength of materials for frames of film structures. What is more important is how to secure the film to the greenhouse. It is also important that the frame elements have no sharp protruding elements and that they hold screws and staplers well.

Steel

Make steel structure more difficult than wood. At dachas there are greenhouses made of reinforcement under the film, made using arc welding. Often, steel waste from various construction and installation works is used to make greenhouses:

• round pipes;
• corners;
• rods;
• stripes;
• profiled pipes.

From these profiles, industrialists make galvanized greenhouses under film in various modifications. To manufacture a steel frame, you need the ability to use a welding machine and tools for cutting steel blanks to specified sizes. Compared to wood, steel frame construction has a significantly longer service life and increased strength. Its disadvantage is the difficulty of attaching the film to the metal frame of the greenhouse and installing elements for fixing the film covering to the load-bearing elements.

Aluminum

Aluminum frames are good because they weigh significantly less than steel structures. A greenhouse made of aluminum can be easily moved to a new location; its elements do not become rusty and have a better aesthetic appearance.

In construction stores and retail stores there are now enough types of aluminum profiles for the manufacture of prefabricated greenhouses for film. The main disadvantage of this design is the inability to use conventional welding machine. You can attach frame elements to each other at home only with the help of self-tapping screws or special connecting elements.

The rigidity of the frame for the film made of aluminum elements is quite sufficient if you use blanks of the required cross-section for their manufacture. How to make a greenhouse from metal and film, watch the video:

Plastic

Often, a greenhouse under film is made with your own hands from plastic elements. The lightest frames for film greenhouses are made of plastic pipes; they are very easy to manufacture, do not require additional processing, are not heated by the sun and are easily bent along a given radius.

The plastic elements of the greenhouse frame are not subject to corrosion, making them durable in use, and it is very convenient to use them to make dismountable greenhouses for film. They can withstand any humidity and large temperature changes, and are not afraid of atmospheric factors.

The plastic elements of the greenhouse frame are fastened using special clamps made for plumbing purposes. Considering the low cost of plastic pipes, this is very good material for the manufacture of any film structures.

Methods of attaching film to a greenhouse

There are many ways to attach the film to the greenhouse frame. This can be done with the help of improvised materials found in the household, and by using special fasteners for greenhouse film, sold in hardware stores. In any case, the fastening must ensure reliable retention of the coating on the frame even in extreme weather conditions. After all, if the covering is torn off by the wind, the plants will inevitably suffer, and the planned harvest will not be obtained. How to fix the film on a greenhouse made of arcs is a very important question for those who have decided to grow plants in greenhouse conditions.

The main methods of attaching the film to frame elements:

• using wooden slats to a wooden frame;
• PVC clips for greenhouse film and galvanized steel or aluminum profile;
• a mesh fixed to the base of the frame and thrown over a film covering;
• eyelets and elastic cord.

Gardeners and summer residents often come up with their own, completely reliable methods of attaching film to the elements of the greenhouse frame, often using materials that are widely available in retail networks. If these methods hold the coating well on the frame and do not lead to damage to it, then such inventions are fully justified. Attaching the film to the frame of the greenhouse is the most critical moment of its construction. If everything is done reliably, the greenhouse will serve the required period without requiring annual repairs of the frame and covering.

Lath, option for wooden frame

The easiest way to attach the covering material to the frame of a wooden greenhouse is with a wooden batten. With their help, even a prefabricated greenhouse under film can be made. By placing slats on the elements of a wooden greenhouse roof and screwing them with self-tapping screws, you can get great option fastenings

It is important that the surface of the wooden frame elements and covering slats is well processed and does not contain roughness or protruding knots. The sizes of the screws are selected so that they do not protrude from the other side of the frame elements and do not split the covering slats. If the wood of the slats is overdried and fragile, before attaching the covering using self-tapping screws, holes should first be drilled in it according to the diameter of the self-tapping screws used.

Lath nailed at the ends

In order to securely attach the film to the top of the greenhouse using wooden slats, you need to come up with original way reach there with the working tool. More often, in wooden frames, film fastening is used with slats nailed at the ends. This method saves the builder from having to reach with a screwdriver into inaccessible places in the structure, risking falling through and tearing the coating.

When securing the film only at the ends of the greenhouse, it is necessary to tightly tension the top of the covering, since if the tension is poor, the film will blow up with the wind and tear.

When fixing the film only on the end sides, in addition to tension, you need to ensure that there are no sharp corners or protruding edges on the frame elements. Additionally, it is recommended to stretch a mesh or some other fastening for the film onto the greenhouse along the top. Small gusts themselves are dangerous because when they form, the film quickly breaks and the entire greenhouse gradually opens up.

Clamps, clips - an option for a frame made of PVC pipes, fittings

Regardless of material structural elements frame, you need to choose a method of fastening the covering that will prevent breaks in it and unforeseen heat losses.

If the film greenhouse is made of PVC pipes or steel reinforcement, special clamps and clips must be used to secure the covering layer.

Clips for attaching film to a greenhouse are classified according to the location of attachment:

• for fastening material to round pipes;
• to profiled pipes;
• to other shaped elements of the frame structure.

At an inexpensive price, these products greatly simplify the work of constructing a greenhouse covering and make it more reliable.

Film fixation systems for greenhouses

More expensive and in a reliable way fastening the covering of a collapsible greenhouse under the film is a covering fixing system. They usually consist of special metal profiles and PVC clips that are resistant to ultraviolet radiation from the sun. The profiles have shapes on which clips for the film will be conveniently and securely fixed to the greenhouse, pressing the covering on top.

In the fixation systems, it is thought out in detail how to attach the film to the metal frame of the greenhouse; the entire process of attaching the greenhouse covering is well developed, in which there will be no damage to it during installation and during the service of the structure. Clips hold the film both on the roof of the structure and on its side and end surfaces.

Double clips are often used on aluminum profiles, which are the simplest and most reliable way to attach the film when assembling a structure in the spring and when dismantling it in the fall. It is somewhat more difficult to produce a greenhouse cover with a double film intended for growing crops at an earlier date. But, if everything is thought out and calculated in advance, no special difficulties arise with this design.

Step-by-step installation of a greenhouse under film

Depending on what material it will be made from wooden greenhouse under the film with your own hands and what its shape and size will be depends on the sequence of many specific steps of the master. But there is also general principles such structures, which are also carried out in a certain sequence. Let's list them:

1. In a fertile area of ​​a summer house or garden, a place is selected for the greenhouse, which will be well lit during the day and where groundwater will be far away.
2. The elements of the future frame are calculated in accordance with the standard size of the purchased covering material.
3. The design of the lower belt of the greenhouse, to which the side and top elements of the frame will be attached, is being thought through.
4. The frame is made from the prepared materials, doors and folding windows are installed.
5. Stretching is done using pre-made or purchased fasteners.

It is advisable that the greenhouse be covered with film much earlier than the seedlings are planted in it. After all, by that time the land should be properly cultivated and warmed up well.

Stripe cover

The greenhouse cover is applied on a windless, fine day, as the wind will interfere good performance work, and the film heated by the sun will stretch well and adhere to the frame panels.

The work of sewing the film onto the frame must be done by at least two people. One person cannot cope with a large area of ​​material. All necessary tools and materials must be prepared in advance, which will ensure high-quality work done in the shortest possible time.

Often home craftsmen have to learn how to connect pieces of film for greenhouses. This can be done with a hot iron or special glue for PVC products. But it is better to connect the pieces by folding them in half on the frame elements, pressing them securely with clips or slats.

When thinking about additional insulation, craftsmen often look for an answer to the question: is it possible to apply an additional insulating layer to polycarbonate with greenhouse film? This is advisable only on some cold days and at night, since the double layer will poorly transmit light, which is also necessary for plants.

Now some craftsmen have even learned to make greenhouses from stretch film, which turned out to be more durable than PVC material. A greenhouse made from stretch film with your own hands is much warmer than a regular film greenhouse. The fact is that stretch film The frame is coated in several layers, due to which the thermal conductivity of the coating becomes lower than that of PVC and PVD films in one layer.

When the greenhouse is ready, all that remains is to calculate the appropriate planting time. Seedlings are usually planted in a greenhouse after a steady transition of air temperature to positive values.

When thinking about how to make a greenhouse out of film with your own hands, you should not consider it some very difficult task. Almost every dacha or garden near a private house has greenhouses made with your own hands, and this requires only determination and some ability to use carpentry and plumbing tools.

If confidence in success is completely absent, you can turn to the person who once went through this stage and who has a good greenhouse. It’s not for nothing that they say: “It’s not the Gods who burn the pots!” Even the most difficult greenhouse complexes were done ordinary people, there are no supernatural difficulties in this.

Today, many gardeners prefer to grow plants in closed ground. To do this, they build greenhouses, which are designed to grow plants in more comfortable and suitable conditions for heat-loving plants. Film greenhouses have a number of advantages. They have high characteristics that make them popular among greenhouse owners.

Greenhouses under film: types

Film greenhouses are a common type of greenhouses, which are inexpensive, reliable and relatively durable. The choice of greenhouse type depends on many factors. First of all, you should understand the climatic conditions of the region and the varieties of plants grown. It is necessary to decide what greenhouse conditions need to be created for active growth and fruiting of plants.

You can choose a film quickly and easily if you know the criteria by which it should be evaluated.

When building a greenhouse with your own hands, it is important to pay attention to the choice of material for the frame, as well as the size of the frame itself and the dimensions of the film - they must fit, otherwise the design of the greenhouse will be incorrect. Covering the frame with film should be done extremely carefully, since there is always the possibility of damage to the polyethylene. It should be noted that large greenhouses are much more difficult to cover - you cannot do without helpers. For small area a greenhouse will do"Perchin's will."

Types of frames:

• Pvc. It is rarely used, although it has excellent characteristics. It is resistant to rust and does not deteriorate from exposure to chemicals. It is not affected by acid, alkali and other aggressive fertilizers.
• Aluminum. Durable frames that have excellent performance. They do not rust and do not deteriorate from exposure to temperature and moisture. The downside is their high cost.
• Metal. The hat profile can not rust for more than ten years. Such a frame is not stable when there is strong snow pressure on it. The frame, made of profile pipe, is easy to install and can withstand heavy loads.
• Wood. Unfavorable material. Which requires a lot of effort to maintain. It should be covered with materials that protect the wood from moisture, humps and other microorganisms. The process of installing a wooden frame takes a lot of time and effort.

Greenhouses may vary different types designs. Frames are available: prefabricated and collapsible. Having decided on the type and type of frame, you can begin to select the material for covering the greenhouse.

High-quality greenhouse made of film

Today, many greenhouse owners choose film as a material for covering the greenhouse frame. It costs less than polycarbonate coating. It is easy to install, allowing you to do all the work yourself.

The choice of film type depends on the characteristics. They will allow you to choose the appropriate film for a particular greenhouse.

Inexpensive farm greenhouses are most often constructed from a metal frame and plastic film. When choosing a film, it is important to pay attention to the fact that winter greenhouse should have a denser and frost-resistant coating. Reviews about each type of polyethylene film can be found on the Internet on specialized websites.

Types of foam greenhouses:

• Polyethylene. You should choose a film with a high density - it will last much longer than a thin film.
• Reinforced. The polyethylene film is additionally reinforced with a frame made of polyethylene or polypropylene. This coating has a long service life, unlike conventional polyethylene film.
• Polyvinyl chloride. Has high density. The film is very transparent, so it transmits a large number of light into the greenhouse. However, the film cannot withstand very low temperatures.
• Perennial polyethylene. The material contains sealants and plasticizers. This film is antistatic, light transmitting, and heat insulating. This allows you to deal with such a common problem as condensation.

The Hungarian-type greenhouse is widely known - its temperature and humidity levels are stable, even if the heater is running in the greenhouse. The greenhouse can be equipped with an additional cover. It is important to carefully install the frame and stretch the polyethylene, otherwise the material may burst, which will lead to new costs and loss of time.

Large greenhouses made of film

Building a large greenhouse is different from installing small structures. Before starting construction work. It is necessary to draw up a plan and drawings of the future greenhouse. This will allow you to determine the dimensions, calculate the amount of materials and material costs. It is important to think in advance about heating for a greenhouse with a large area.

It is good if the metal greenhouse is covered with a high-density film. In this case, there is no need to worry about its premature damage.

If you don’t have the time and desire to build a greenhouse, you can buy ready-made structures. Reviews and recommendations about different types of greenhouses can be found online. For example, user Sergei Mozgovoy advises buying greenhouses produced by Kakhovka. They are reliable, durable and inexpensive.

Tips for arranging large greenhouses:

• You should not assemble a large greenhouse yourself. To avoid difficulties and possible damage to the coating, you need to seek help from an assistant.
• To cover a greenhouse with a large area, dense polyethylene should be used.
• It is important to take care of the heating system for a large greenhouse in advance.
• It is necessary to install high-quality lighting systems in the greenhouse.

Large greenhouses should be installed in areas with a large area. For small areas, a tunnel greenhouse is suitable. Large and small greenhouses can be covered with the popular type of film “Svetlitsa”.

Film greenhouse construction

You can implement a project to build a polyethylene greenhouse yourself. To do this, you need to decide on the type of frame and film to cover it. However, the technology for arranging the greenhouse will be almost the same.

It is important to choose a suitable place - it should be located on a hill and well lit by the sun.

The soil on the site should be stable, uniform and not very wet. The frame can be made of wood. Aluminum, PVC or metal. It is important to note that durable metal frames are popular.

How to build a frame:

• Prepare the site;
• Assemble the box;
• Treat the box boards with antiseptic compounds;
• Drive metal rods into the ground;
• Drive in the reinforcement bars;
• Place plastic pipes on the fittings and secure them;
• Install diagonal supports;
• Strengthen the ends of the frame;
• Cover the frame with film.

When designing interiors, it is important to use space correctly. If the size of the greenhouse allows, for convenience, you can install racks for growing plants. A small greenhouse can simply be filled with fertile soil.

Film cover for greenhouses in winter

The choice of materials for covering the frame of a greenhouse for a summer residence largely depends on climatic conditions. In winter, it is very important to properly equip the greenhouse, otherwise the plants risk dying. Professional gardeners advise insulating the greenhouse with special heating and lighting devices.

It is important that a polyethylene greenhouse has high-quality ventilation. Evaporation from irrigation can lead to excessive condensation.

The accumulation of moisture leads to the spread of fungi and bacteria that infect plants. Heating should be thoughtful, it should not dry out the air too much. In winter, the greenhouse windows can be covered with roller curtains to avoid drafts.

Film Features:

• Strength;
• Moisture resistance;
• Tightness;
• Light transmittance.

To store the temperature, durable types of films are used, the calculation of which is very important when covering the frame. Before assembling the structure, it is necessary to think through the entire project. Good conditions for growing plants in a greenhouse in Krivyanka.

DIY film greenhouses (video)

There are different types of films, the choice of which depends on the region in which the greenhouse will be installed. And also on the variety and variety of plants that they plan to grow. Review different types materials will allow you to choose the one suitable for a particular greenhouse. In winter, it is important to pay attention to the interior design. Lathing and choosing the right heating system are very important.

In this article we will talk about how to make a greenhouse from film over the weekend. Facilities for growing early vegetables or seedlings are in growing demand everywhere. And this is not surprising, since the price of a kilogram of strawberries on the market in May makes you seriously think about building your own small greenhouse.

Choosing the best option

Actually, before starting construction work, let’s decide which film greenhouses are suitable for assembly on a summer cottage. Over the long period of operation of quick-assembled structures intended for early growing of plants, many different modifications have been developed.

The following varieties are most widespread among domestic summer residents.

• Arched frame design assumes the presence of a roof made in the shape of an arc.

This design has a number of advantages, including:

• Easy to assemble with your own hands;
• Relatively low cost of construction;
• Versatility in terms of the use of covering material (polyethylene film or polycarbonate sheet can be used with equal success);
• Frame strength and resistance to mechanical loads;
• Optimal degree of illumination due to the uniform distribution of sunlight over the entire area of ​​the structure.

By the way, the arc-shaped structure does not accumulate snow in the upper part, and therefore the greenhouse can be used without disassembling it for the winter.

• Single-pitch design does not imply a separate location, but adjoining the wall of any building. To achieve better results, summer residents attach these greenhouses to the southern wall. This solution allows not only to ensure optimal heating of the internal space, but also to save space.

The only noticeable drawback of this arrangement is that the snow does not slide off the roof on its own and must be removed as it accumulates.

• Gable structure provides a better degree of snow sliding from the roof, which is an obvious advantage in regions with high rainfall.

Important: The disadvantage of this type of structure is its relatively low durability, since ordinary polyethylene film lasts no longer than two or three seasons, after which it requires complete replacement.

Nevertheless, this type of greenhouse is the easiest to manufacture, and therefore, let’s consider the technology of its construction.

• Winter greenhouses from reinforced film- these are heated, and therefore technically complex structures, in which everything must be thought out, from an effective heating system to fire safety measures.

In such structures, increased demands are placed on the strength of the frame, since the structure must withstand significant loads of accumulated snow.

• It is a structure buried in the ground. The structure is technically complex, as it is buried 1-2 meters into the ground.

Construction of even a small greenhouse using this technology requires digging a pit, insulating the walls with thermoblocks, installing a heating system, etc. As a result, the construction of such greenhouses is rarely resorted to due to the originality of the design and the complexity of implementation.

Technology for constructing a summer greenhouse at a summer cottage

It doesn’t matter what you decide to build - a greenhouse made of reinforced film or a greenhouse covered with single-layer polyethylene, the technology for implementing the project is largely similar.

First, let's select a location. It is desirable that this be a flat, well-lit area with a uniform soil composition and a relatively low degree of humidity.

• Boards and timber pre-impregnated with antiseptic. For maximum durability, the wooden elements in the greenhouse structure can be covered with several layers of drying oil, burned with a blowtorch, or impregnated with hot resin.
• PVC pipes.
• Polyethylene reinforced film.
• Metal reinforcing bars 1 m long.
• Screws and nails.
• Door and window hinges at the rate of 2 hinges per window and 3 per door.
• Metal loops for fastening PVC pipes

Let's start construction:

• We prepare a flat area by compacting the soil around the perimeter where the walls of the structure will be located.
• Along the perimeter of the site, we assemble a box from pre-prepared boards, which will give the frame the required strength.

Important: treat the boards with an antiseptic compound (sold in most hardware stores). If this is not done, the box will collapse within a few years and the entire structure will lose its durability.

• At the corners of the assembled box, metal reinforcement bars are driven into the ground, which ensure the stability of the structure.

• Along the long sides of the plank box, we drive reinforcing bars into the ground, which will serve as the basis for the arcs on which the film will be attached. The rods are hammered at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. Each rod must be buried at least 50 cm into the ground and the same amount must remain above the ground level.
• We put pre-prepared plastic pipes onto reinforcement located parallel to both sides of the box so that an arc is formed.

• Using mounting loops, the pipes are fixed in one place. The mounting loops are attached to the screws using a screwdriver.

• At the corners of the frame we make diagonal supports from timber with a cross-section of at least 50 x 50 mm.

• We strengthen the ends of the structure with timber supports.
• At the top of the arcs we attach a longitudinal plastic pipe, which will provide the required stability of the frame.

• Covering the frame plastic film or other greenhouse covering material. The film is attached using special staples and wide tape.
• We build a door frame from one end of the timber.

• We knock down the door according to the shape of the box, cover it with film and hang it on the hinges.
• We make ventilation vents in the same way as the doors were made. The vents should be located at both ends, the closer to the top, the better.

Interior arrangement of the greenhouse

Structures covered with polyethylene film are optimal choice for growing early vegetable crops or seedlings. Such greenhouses do not require a heating system.

An important condition for the full operation of any greenhouse, regardless of size, is the rational use of internal space. Therefore, if you decide to make a regular small-sized greenhouse, we limit ourselves to backfilling fertile soil on top of the ground. If the constructed structure is of sufficient size, we arrange racks inside into which soil is poured.

Conclusion

A properly built greenhouse or greenhouse is a unique opportunity to grow early vegetables and thus save a considerable amount of money on trips to the grocery store.

The instructions for assembling a greenhouse given in the article are the simplest project that anyone can implement. You can build such a structure from pre-prepared materials in one weekend.

Another advantage of such a greenhouse is the complete absence of expensive aluminum profiles, such as are used in factory buildings. As a result, a greenhouse can be built without fear that it will be taken away in your absence, as is the case with factory-made, quick-assembled greenhouses.

Have any difficult questions or are interested in more information? useful information on this topic? Watch the video in this article.

Preface

A do-it-yourself greenhouse made from frames is a source of pride for every owner of a summer cottage.

Required Tools and materials

Bitumen masticBulgariantimberNailsnail pullerPlaned boardDrillPencilJigsawShovelMaster OKHammerknifeHammerSandPolyethylene filmRuberoidRouletteSelf-tapping screwsLadderSquareExtensionLevelCementScrewdriverElectric planer

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Contents

A do-it-yourself greenhouse made from frames is a source of pride for every owner of a summer cottage. There are several nuances in the work that you will learn from this material. We suggest you read how to build a greenhouse from frames in such a way that it will serve you for at least 10 seasons without overhaul and periodic replacement of the film.

DIY frame greenhouse

Frame greenhouses can have glass or polyethylene covering. The choice of a certain material affects the further construction of the structure. Thus, a do-it-yourself frame greenhouse under a glass covering is made on a powerful and rigid frame based on metal corners or edged boards, and under a plastic film - from pipes or strong wooden blocks. Greenhouses with polyethylene coating are not recommended for installation in those climatic latitudes where the summer months are too hot, heavy snowfalls and powerful gusts of wind.

A frame greenhouse from a metal corner is constructed as follows. In the corners and perimeter of the future building, at a distance of no more than 1.5 m, holes are dug 20x20 cm in size and about 50 cm deep. The ends of the constructed corners are inserted into the holes in the corners, and the ends of paired corners 4 mm thick are inserted into the holes along the wall lines, with sides 50 and 2700 mm (the given dimensions are minimum, it is not recommended to reduce them). Then the recesses are concreted so that the upper ends of the corners are located at the same level, the lower ones are located strictly along the outer perimeter of the greenhouse, and the concrete columns are 15-20 cm above ground level. The inner side of the corners should look outward, as if forming a niche-subframe, where a wooden frame for the glass will be inserted later. The same principle must be followed when installing the remaining parts of the metal frame.

Next, the upper and lower ends of the racks are connected with strapping and gable frames are installed in place of the racks, on top of which subframes from the corners are welded. When the frame is ready, holes with a diameter of 10-12 mm are drilled in each subframe around the perimeter at a distance of 50 cm for fastening the frames.

At the next stage, we begin to manufacture glass frames. To do this, take the exact dimensions of each subframe intended for the walls, roof, front and rear sides. For example, the greenhouse segments have the following dimensions: front and back sides - 2.15 x 1.15 m, side segments - 2.15 x 1.2 m, roof segments - 1.8 x 1.2 m and triangles (four pieces) - 0.6×1.70 x1.8 m. For a niche in the central part of the front wall, a frame with a built-in door is assembled, and in places where ventilation is installed - with vents. The outer sides of the frame are made of a bar 50-70 mm thick, and the internal crossbars are made of 50x50 mm slats, with grooves cut along the edges for double glazing. The frame itself can be divided into two, four, six or nine cells - than smaller sizes glass, the more convenient they are to use, durable and less susceptible to cracking.

At the end of the work, the frames are glazed, inserted into metal subframes and the gaps between them are sealed, rigidly reinforced with coupling bolts of the appropriate diameter. Glazing and installation of frames should preferably be done using a rubber seal. The gaps between the frames are sealed with any available heat-insulating material: tow, moss, glass wool, etc. It is compacted tightly and covered with a wooden plank on top.

Depending on the method of supplying water to the greenhouse, heating and ventilation, technological openings are provided. To do this, install a piece of plywood or tin into one of the cells of the frame through which the pipe passes and drill a hole of the required diameter. Plywood is usually used for cold water pipes, and tin for hot water pipes.

The lower part of the greenhouse between the columns can be filled with brick, concrete mortar, clay mixed with stones or soil backfill.

It is advisable to lay a cement-sand screed or lay pieces of slate along the perimeter of the walls. The same applies to other types of greenhouses.

The uniqueness of the considered design lies in the fact that when using polyethylene film, the greenhouse segments are pulled together on both sides with small pieces of material. In this regard, if the coating is damaged, only individual places can be replaced, and not re-tightening the entire frame, as is the case when a large piece of film is used.

How to make a wooden greenhouse with your own hands: video and description of work

A frame greenhouse made of wood under glazing is constructed from softwood High Quality, otherwise deformation of the supporting structures (after natural shrinkage) will cause cracking of the glass.

The following do-it-yourself wooden greenhouse design with improved technical and operational characteristics, close to the previous option, is possible. For racks, rafters, beams and frames, timber 50×150 or 100×150 mm or larger is used.

In the first case, to form subframes in the wall and roof segments, an additional 35 × 100 mm block is filled, and in the second case, grooves 50 mm deep and 35 mm wide are cut in places where niches are formed.

To fasten structural elements to each other, all types of connections are used, including metal brackets, mounting angles and overhead mating plates. Jib supports (oblique supports) and dressings in greenhouses are used only for temporary strengthening of posts and strappings.

The production of frames for glazing, the glazing itself and insulation are carried out in the same way as in the previous version.

The wooden greenhouse shown in the video was assembled using the technology described above:

DIY greenhouse under film

A do-it-yourself frame greenhouse under film is characterized by a relatively low cost and ease of installation. At the same time, it has quite good performance characteristics. From time to time, such a greenhouse can be disassembled in order to bring in soil, plant plants in the open air, or carry out other excavation. The most successful option is a frame made of bent pipes with a wall thickness of 2.5 mm and a diameter of 50 mm or more.

On preparatory stage Arched ribs are arched along the estimated width of the greenhouse. For a do-it-yourself film greenhouse, both solid pipes and scraps that can be used as segments are suitable. The front and rear ceilings are made from two ready-made arches, by welding additional pillars, veins and a frame for the wooden frame of the door. On all arched ribs with inside drill through holes with a diameter of 10-12 mm in increments of 50 cm. Next, the attachment points for the arch legs are concreted in increments that are a multiple of half or a third of the width of the purchased film: 55, 65 or 75 cm. The attachment points are made from scraps of pipes of the same diameter with a length of 35- 50 cm, one end of which is prepared for a detachable connection, or pieces of pipes one size larger or smaller. Then the ends of the arches are threaded into the racks and securely fastened to bolted connections- the frame is ready.

How to attach film to a greenhouse

At the next stage, they begin to stretch the polyethylene film. Before fixing the film on the greenhouse, work begins with front side front and rear parts, the edges of the film are folded over the elements of the arches around the perimeter. Where the doorway is located, a strip is stuffed onto the box to secure the film, and the excess material is cut off with a knife. The door itself is covered in a similar way.

Attaching the film to the greenhouse

In order to attach the film to the greenhouse, the rest of the frame is covered inside and outside. To do this, a ditch is first dug at one of the sides of the greenhouse, then one end of the film is pressed down with a stone, brick or other material, the film is turned to the opposite side and its other end is pressed with a stone. With the help of bolts, through the holes made, the canvas is attached to the ribs, laying some kind of strong and flexible strip below and above. As such a strip, you can use a PVC pipe with a diameter of 35-70 mm, cut lengthwise into four parts.

Video: how to cover a greenhouse with film

At the final stage, the inner sides of the front and rear arches are covered: the film is cut out along the contour and glued around the perimeter or fused with an iron at a temperature of about + 100 ° C. Soil is added along the entire perimeter of the greenhouse, a cement screed is made on top or slate is laid and grooves are dug to drain water.

The video shows how to cover a greenhouse with film yourself without possible flaws:

Greenhouse made of wooden beams

A frame greenhouse made of wooden beams covered with plastic film is a cheap and affordable construction. Its main drawback is some weakness of the design. To build such a greenhouse, bars with a cross section of 40×50, 35×60, 50×50 mm and larger are used. Below is a convenient and practical option with collapsible elements.

The uniqueness of the presented design lies in the fact that it consists of identical parts. This allows you to carry out quick installation and dismantling of the structure, and also, if necessary, store it in disassembled form. In addition, by adding or subtracting the required number of parts, you can change the area of ​​the greenhouse.

First, assemble the frames for the walls. The dimensions of the frames must be the same and multiples of the width of the standard polyethylene film. For example, for a film 1.15 m wide, you can make a frame with sides 1.05 × 1.85 m. In this case, when stretching the film along the roll, 5 cm will remain on the bend on each side. For a greenhouse with an area of ​​3 × 4 m, 14 details.

The frame is assembled from bars, a cross-spacer is installed inside, which is strengthened with screws screwed into the end. On the sidewalls, two holes are drilled at equal distances from opposite sides. Finished frames are covered with film. In this case, one frame is used to make the door frame and another one to make the door. Next, eight roof trusses are made with a base of 3 m, a height of 0.7 m and a length of slopes of 1.75 m. The corners are connected “tongue to groove”, and the stops are attached to screws. Two trusses, front and rear, are covered with film on one side, the other side is pulled over after connecting to the slope. In all trusses, two holes are drilled per slope at the same points. Next, eight frames with sides of 1.05 × 1.75 m are assembled, holes are drilled at the same points and covered on both sides with plastic film. At the same stage, the ridge and canopies are prepared from tin or galvanized metal sheet. For the same purposes you can use polyethylene pipe with a diameter of at least 160 mm, cutting it in half lengthwise.

It remains to prepare fastening elements from 35x100x18.5 mm boards: four pieces for connecting frames in a corner, six pieces from single boards for connecting wall frames along a line and six more for roof frames 1.75 m long. Holes are drilled in each element corresponding to the holes in the frames. To improve waterproofing and thermal insulation along the perimeter of the slats, it is advisable to stick rubber seals, which are used when assembling plastic windows.

Wall installation occurs in the following sequence. First, the corners are assembled at their location, and the void between the panels and the mounting corner is filled with tow, moss, glass wool and other heat-insulating material using a strip or pin. Then the wall panels are mounted using fasteners. Moreover, the connecting strips can be fastened both from the outside and from the inside of the greenhouse, or from both sides, making an additional number of fasteners to increase strength.

Having finished assembling the walls, they begin to secure the base of the structure. In uneven areas, pre-level the surface. Then stakes made from boards with a cross-section of 35×100 mm and a length of 60-70 cm are driven into place to a depth of at least 50 cm at a distance of 15-20 cm from the corners with a further step of no more than 2 m. The blow is covered with a piece of board or slats. The driven stakes are connected to the base of the greenhouse with nails or screws of the appropriate length. Then backfill is made to a height of 5-10 cm from the bottom of the base, and on the outside, roofing felt, concrete slabs or slate about 40 cm wide are laid on top. For regions where there are prolonged frosts in winter with temperatures below -20 ° C or heavy rainfall (rainstorms), ) precipitation, it is necessary to provide a columnar or strip foundation.

Next we move on to assembling the roof elements. First, trusses are installed on the sides of the wall panels, securing them to the corners at the joints. Slopes are laid on top of the trusses, installing fasteners in parallel and fastening them with bolts along previously drilled holes. Then, in the joints on the front, back and sides, as well as in the corners between the slopes, soft thermal insulation such as tow, glass wool, etc. is laid. The ridge and visor are mounted on top, securing them with nails or self-tapping screws 3-4 cm long, and tighten all the bolts to roof elements.